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Appendix I: Glossary


The Art of Scintography
Edition 3.0 © 2008 Aurora Isaac
www.scintography.com
    I.1   Definition of Terms

Active Server Pages
A server side script language that is interpreted before the page is sent to the client.

ASP
Active Server Pages

attribute
A feature associated with a tag element. <FONT SIZE=2> gives the FONT tag SIZE attribtue the value 2.

binary
A two state system, the base 2 arithmetic system using only the digits 0 and 1.

bit
A single digit. The smallest unit that can be represented in a digital system.

browser
An application that displays hypertext markup pages in a network context, thus enabling the viewer to "browse" the net.

Cascading Style Sheet
A protocol for applying values to markup element attributes.

case
Refers to UPPER or lower case of a font. Case-sensitive differentiates between the upper and lower case representation of characters. U is not the same as u. Case-insensitive does not differentiate.

.cgi
The suffix of a filename containing a server script that processes data received in the CGI format.

CGI
Common Gateway Interface

client
A computer that can interact with a program running on another computer on a network.

closing tag
A markup element, paired with an opening tag. A closing tag includes a slash: <TAG> tag contents </TAG>.

color cube
A three dimensional representation of all the colors in a RGB set, with the range of red values on one axis, green on a second axis, and blue on the third.

color depth
The number of levels of intensity that can be achieved on a screen for one of the primary colors.

Common Gateway Interface
A protocol for transferring input data from a client to a server script.

container
An opening and closing tag pair with markup features which may be applied to the contained source: <TAG> tag contents </TAG>.

cookie
A string of read/write information stored on a client by a script originating from a server.

counter
An application that counts hits to a page.

.css
The suffix of a filename for a file containing STYLE rules.

CSS
Cascading Style Sheet

database
A collection of data compactly arranged by data type.

delimiter
A character used to set the bounds of a string. Some characters used in specific contexts are quotes, commas, whitespace characters, parentheses, braces, and brackets.

demographics
A measurement of the distribution of features in a population.

DHTML
Dynamic HTML. Refers to the modification of page features in response to viewer actions, such as a button that changes color on mouseover.

DNS
Domain Name Server

document
A hypertext entity which can be displayed within a frame or window.

Document Object Model
The premise that an HTML document is composed of a tree structure of nested elements. This model is the basis of design and implementation for scripts and markup languages.

Document Type Definition
A file containing a specification for a markup protocol.

DOM
Document Object Model

domain
The set of files accessible through an IP address.

Domain Name
A name, or alias, for an IP address.

Domain Name Server
A special set of servers on the internet that translate domain names into IP addresses.

DTD
Document Type Definition.

element
The specific occurrence of a tag or tag pair included in the presentation of a page.

EMAIL
A protocol for transferring an email message from one computer to another on a network.

empty container
If a tag pair has no contents, it is an empty container: <TAG></TAG>. This may sometimes be written as a single tag ending with a slash: <TAG/>.

FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions

File Transfer Protocol
A protocol for transferring a file from one computer to another on a network.

form
A user interface for inputting data.

FTP
File Transfer Protocol

.gif, .giff
The suffix of a filename for a file in the GIF format.

GIF
Graphics Interchange Format. A format for digital images.

glossary
A collection of brief definitions for terms used in a text, as opposed to a complete, authoritative dictionary!

hardware
The physical components of a computer system: the keyboard, monitor, drives, etc.

hex
Hexadecimal, the base 16 arithmetic system.

hit
An instance of accessing a page.

.htm, .html
The suffix of a filename for an HTML file.

HTML
HyperText Markup Language

HTML editor
An application that allows the user to change text in a file which is assumed to be HTML source, displayed accordingly.

HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol

HTTPS
Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol

HyperText Markup Language
A collection of instructions for marking up documents to be displayed on a network client.

Hypertext Preprocesser (PHP)
A server side script language that is interpreted before the page is sent to the client.

HyperText Transfer Protocol
A protocol for transferring a stream of HTML from one computer to another on a network.

Internet
A network of networks.

Internet Protocol Address
The numerical address of a site on the internet.

Internet Service Provider
Someone that provides services for and access to the internet.

intranet
A closed, or private, network that may or may not be connected to the internet.

IPA
Internet Protocol Address

ISP
Internet Service Provider

JavaScript
A client side script language, often used to implement interactive pages.

.jpeg, .jpg
The suffix of a filename for a file in the JPEG format.

JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group. A format for digital images.

.js
The suffix of a filename for a file containing JavaScript source.

JS
JavaScript

link
A connection from one file to another on a network.

markup language
A language of formatting instructions appearing in plain text, interspersed throughout the text content to be formatted.

octal
The base 8 arithmetic system using only the digits 0-7.

opening tag
A markup element, paired with a closing tag. An opening tag does not include a slash: <TAG> tag contents </TAG>.

PHP
Hypertext Preprocesser

pixel
The smallest differentiable area on a screen.

platform
The computer configuration, hardware and software, on which an application is run.

property
A style or script variable associated with an object in a document, analogous to a tag attribute.

protocol
A specification for encoding data that can be written by one computer program and read by another.

RGB
Red Green Blue, the primary light colors.

RGB color
The digital representation of color in numerical value of intensity of red, green, and blue. Usually #RRGGBB, with #000000 as black and #FFFFFF as white.

script
The source text of a program.

Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol
A protocol using Secure Socket Layers for encrypting transmissions from one computer to another on a network.

Secure Socket Layers
A protocol for encrypting transmissions from one computer to another on a network.

selector
A style specification for selecting markup elements to which style rules are applied: selector{rules}.

server
A computer that runs a program accessible to other computers on a network.

session
A protocol for preserving state (memory) during a client/server conversation.

SGML
Standard Generalized Markup Language

site
A collection of files on a network computer that can be accessed through a URL.

software
The transient digital components of a computer system that can be rewritten.

SSL
Secure Socket Layers

Standard Generalized Markup Language
The parent markup language used to define all other markup languages.

string
A sequence of characters. Usually set off by delimiters such as quotes or whitespace.

tag
A markup element, enclosed by angle brackets: <TAG>.

tag pair
An opening and closing tag: <TAG> tag contents </TAG>.

text editor
An application that allows the user to change the text in a file.

Uniform Resource Locater
A network address.

URL
Uniform Resource Locater

value
Data assigned to a variable.

variable
A named data entity assigned a value which can be changed during the execution of an application program.

.vb
The suffix of a filename for a file containing VBScript.

VB
Visual Basic

VBScript
A client side script, often used to implement interactive pages.

W3C
World Wide Web Consortium

World Wide Web
A network spanning the globe.

World Wide Web Consortium
An organization dedicated to the planning of web related issues.

WYSIWYG
What You See Is What You Get. Usually refers to an editing configuration that allows editing from the formatted view, rather than the unformatted source.


    I.2   References
1 The Free Online Dictionary of Computing
http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/
All Contents © 2008 Aurora Isaac. All Rights Reserved. Legal Notices.
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